Policy strategies assessment for renewable-powered urban mobility investments: A novel fractional fuzzy decision support system

Improving the performance of renewable-powered urban mobility projects requires well-defined strategies based on the most influential evaluation criteria. This study addresses the absence of a systematic approach in the literature by developing a novel hybrid decision support system that both determines and prioritizes these criteria, while also evaluating alternative strategies. The proposed model combines the simple weight calculation (SIWEC) method to assign precise importance weights to criteria with the alternative ranking using two-step logarithmic normalization (ARLON) technique to rank strategic options. To enhance robustness, p,q,r- Fractional fuzzy numbers are incorporated, enabling more effective management of uncertainty inherent in expert evaluations. The results highlight smart systems for urban mobility (weight: 0.176) and accessibility to mobility systems (weight: 0.173) as the most critical factors for investment decision-making. By applying the integrated SIWEC–ARLON framework, the decision-making process becomes more accurate, reliable, and adaptable to real-world policy environments. The findings offer practical guidance for policymakers and investors, enabling optimal resource allocation, minimization of investment risks, and the selection of strategies that can significantly enhance the sustainability and  effectiveness of urban mobility solutions powered by renewable energy.